Guides

Climate context, city by city.

These concise guides reorganize Japan Meteorological Agency climate normals into transparent city and month comparisons. They are historical 1991–2020 references, not forecasts.

01

How to read climate normals

What the displayed averages do — and do not — mean.

02

Tokyo vs Osaka by month

Two neighbouring urban climate profiles in one table.

03

Tokyo vs Sapporo by month

A north–south comparison across the year.

04

Tokyo vs Naha by month

Why Okinawa needs its own climate context.

05

Japan in March

Five selected observatories, same month.

06

Japan in June

Temperature, precipitation and sunshine side by side.

07

Japan in September

Long-term city contrast without a day-by-day claim.

08

Japan in November

Late-year variation across the selected cities.

09

January from Sapporo to Naha

One country, a broad temperature range.

10

August from Sapporo to Naha

A comparison that avoids a single national average.

11

Highest precipitation normal

What a monthly maximum can and cannot tell you.

12

Sunshine hours by city

How to read a monthly sunshine-duration total.